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| − | + | '''Alternative name: Temminck's Elegant Pitta''' | |
| − | [[Image:Elegant Pitta(s).jpg|thumb|550px|right| | + | [[Image:Elegant Pitta(s).jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by {{user|KCTsang|KCTsang}} <br /> [[Sulawesi]], [[Indonesia]], August 2009]] |
;[[:Category: Pitta|Pitta]] elegans | ;[[:Category: Pitta|Pitta]] elegans | ||
| − | |||
==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
| + | 19cm | ||
| + | * Black head and hindneck with buff lateral crownstripe | ||
| + | * Dark green upperparts, frequently shows dusky streaks | ||
| + | * Turquoise-blue rump | ||
| + | * Black tail with green tip | ||
| + | * Large turquoise-blue patch on lesser coverts, black flight-feathers, secondaries bluish and green edged, primaries with white patch | ||
| + | * Black chin and limited on upper throat | ||
| + | * Warm cinnamon-buff underparts | ||
| + | * Black and scarlet patch on central belly, paler red vent | ||
| + | * Black bill | ||
| + | Sexes similar. Juveniles are duller, have less blue feathers in wing, a pinkish lower belly and an orange tip of bill.<br /> | ||
| + | For variation, see notes in the subspecies section. | ||
| + | ====Similar species==== | ||
| + | [[Ornate Pitta]] and [[Banda Sea Pitta]] are very similar, but Ornate Pitta has much larger black bib while Banda Sea Pitta lacks black on chin and throat. | ||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| − | [[ | + | Found on the [[Lesser Sundas]] from Sumba, on small islands south of [[Sulawesi]] and in the central [[Moluccas]], Sula Islands, Banggai Islands and [[Timor]].<br /> |
| + | Locally common. | ||
==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
| − | + | Sometimes considered [[Dictionary_A-C#C|conspecific]] with [[Indian Pitta]] and [[Blue-winged Pitta]]. Probably forms a superspecies with [[Noisy Pitta]], [[Black-faced Pitta]] and [[Rainbow Pitta]].<br /> | |
| − | *''P. e. | + | [[Ornate Pitta]] and [[Banda Sea Pitta]] were formerly included in Elegant Pitta. |
| − | * | + | ====Subspecies==== |
| − | *''P. e. virginalis'' | + | Three subspecies are recognized<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: |
| − | * | + | * ''P. e. maria'' on Sumba in the [[Lesser Sundas]] |
| − | *''P. e. | + | :* No white in wing, more red and little-to-no black on belly, paler lateral crownstripe, relatively strong black on throat and chin |
| + | * ''P. e. virginalis'' on the islands of Tanahjampea, Kalao and Kalaotoa (south of [[Sulawesi]]) | ||
| + | :* Broader lateral crownstripe than nominate, throat more extensively white | ||
| + | * ''P. e. elegans'' breeds Timor and associated islands (Semau, Rote); winters in the [[Sulawesi]] region and the central [[Moluccas]] | ||
| + | Further research needed on the status of the subspecies. <br />The described forms ''kalaonensis'', ''plesseni'' and ''hutzi'' are usually not accepted. | ||
==Habitat== | ==Habitat== | ||
| − | + | Found in a variety of forest types like coastal swamp forest, humid primary forest, dry monsoon forest, degraded forest, scrub and cultivation. Occurs primarily in the lowlands but sometimes up to 1200m. Migrants have been recorded at higher altitudes. | |
==Behaviour== | ==Behaviour== | ||
| + | Subspecies ''P. e. maria'' and ''P. e. virginalis'' seems to be resident while ''P. e. elegans'' migrates southwards in non-breeding season. | ||
| + | ====Diet==== | ||
| + | Feeds on invertebrates, including small beetles and snails. | ||
| + | ====Breeding==== | ||
| + | Main breeding season depends on subspecies, with ''P. e. elegans'' breeding from November to February and the resident subspecies probably from April to August. | ||
| + | ====Vocalizations==== | ||
| + | Three note main song, with a single note alarm call. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| − | + | #{{Ref-Clements6thAug21}}#{{Ref-HM03Cor8}}#{{Ref-GillDonsker10}}#{{Ref-HBWVol8}}#{{Ref-Eatonetal21}} | |
| + | #Kirwan, G. M., J. Erritzoe, and E. de Juana (2021). Elegant Pitta (Pitta elegans), version 1.1. In Birds of the World (B. K. Keeney, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.elepit7.01.1 | ||
| + | |||
| + | {{ref}} | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
| − | {{GSearch|Pitta | + | {{GSearch|"Pitta elegans"}} |
| + | {{GS-checked}}<br /><br /> | ||
| + | |||
[[Category:Birds]] [[Category: Pitta]] | [[Category:Birds]] [[Category: Pitta]] | ||
Latest revision as of 01:09, 21 February 2022
Alternative name: Temminck's Elegant Pitta
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- Pitta elegans
Identification
19cm
- Black head and hindneck with buff lateral crownstripe
- Dark green upperparts, frequently shows dusky streaks
- Turquoise-blue rump
- Black tail with green tip
- Large turquoise-blue patch on lesser coverts, black flight-feathers, secondaries bluish and green edged, primaries with white patch
- Black chin and limited on upper throat
- Warm cinnamon-buff underparts
- Black and scarlet patch on central belly, paler red vent
- Black bill
Sexes similar. Juveniles are duller, have less blue feathers in wing, a pinkish lower belly and an orange tip of bill.
For variation, see notes in the subspecies section.
Similar species
Ornate Pitta and Banda Sea Pitta are very similar, but Ornate Pitta has much larger black bib while Banda Sea Pitta lacks black on chin and throat.
Distribution
Found on the Lesser Sundas from Sumba, on small islands south of Sulawesi and in the central Moluccas, Sula Islands, Banggai Islands and Timor.
Locally common.
Taxonomy
Sometimes considered conspecific with Indian Pitta and Blue-winged Pitta. Probably forms a superspecies with Noisy Pitta, Black-faced Pitta and Rainbow Pitta.
Ornate Pitta and Banda Sea Pitta were formerly included in Elegant Pitta.
Subspecies
Three subspecies are recognized[1]:
- P. e. maria on Sumba in the Lesser Sundas
- No white in wing, more red and little-to-no black on belly, paler lateral crownstripe, relatively strong black on throat and chin
- P. e. virginalis on the islands of Tanahjampea, Kalao and Kalaotoa (south of Sulawesi)
- Broader lateral crownstripe than nominate, throat more extensively white
- P. e. elegans breeds Timor and associated islands (Semau, Rote); winters in the Sulawesi region and the central Moluccas
Further research needed on the status of the subspecies.
The described forms kalaonensis, plesseni and hutzi are usually not accepted.
Habitat
Found in a variety of forest types like coastal swamp forest, humid primary forest, dry monsoon forest, degraded forest, scrub and cultivation. Occurs primarily in the lowlands but sometimes up to 1200m. Migrants have been recorded at higher altitudes.
Behaviour
Subspecies P. e. maria and P. e. virginalis seems to be resident while P. e. elegans migrates southwards in non-breeding season.
Diet
Feeds on invertebrates, including small beetles and snails.
Breeding
Main breeding season depends on subspecies, with P. e. elegans breeding from November to February and the resident subspecies probably from April to August.
Vocalizations
Three note main song, with a single note alarm call.
References
- Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, S. M. Billerman, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2021. The eBird/Clements checklist of Birds of the World: v2021. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
- Dickinson, EC, ed. 2003. The Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World. 3rd ed., with updates to October 2008 (Corrigenda 8). Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press. ISBN 978-0691117010
- Gill, F and D Donsker (Eds). 2010. IOC World Bird Names (version 2.7). Available at http://www.worldbirdnames.org/.
- Del Hoyo, J, A Elliot, and D Christie, eds. 2003. Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 8: Broadbills to Tapaculos. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. ISBN 978-8487334504
- Eaton, JA, B van Balen, NW Brickle, FE Rheindt 2021. Birds of the Indonesian Archipelago (Greater Sundas and Wallacea), Second Edition. Lynx Editions. ISBN978-84-16728-44-2
- Kirwan, G. M., J. Erritzoe, and E. de Juana (2021). Elegant Pitta (Pitta elegans), version 1.1. In Birds of the World (B. K. Keeney, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.elepit7.01.1
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) Elegant Pitta. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 28 May 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Elegant_Pitta
External Links
GSearch checked for 2020 platform.
