This is not the European Collared Dove, S. decaocto, which occurs wild in Europe.
It is the Barbary Dove or Ringneck Dove, Streptopelia risoria, which to the best of my knowledge hasn't established viable wild populations.
They are kept as pets from ancient times. Escaped birds are often seen. They could be related to the African Collared Dove, Streptopelia roseogrisea, of which it is sometimes considered a subspecies. So, rather than European Collared Dove, think 'African Collared Dove'.
The colouring of the two species are quite similar, but as you mention, the European Collared Dove is indeed more uniform, besides bigger, 32cm vs 25cm, or 12.5 inches vs 10 inches. The mottled appearance in the smaller Barbary Dove is due to breeding for colour variations. In this one the collar almost disappears, something you won't see in the European Collared Dove.