l_raty
laurent raty
Yes.ICZN 1968 must be the Bulletin you cited?
Tanagra was long used as if its type was Tanagra episcopus Linnaeus 1766, as designated in:
Swainson W. 1827. On several groups and forms in ornithology, not hitherto defined. [Concluded from p. 175.] Zool. J., 3: 343-363.; p. 346; https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27485872 .
This assumed that Tanagra was available from:
Linné C a. 1766. Systema naturae : per regna tria natura, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio duodecima, reformata. Tomus I. Laurentius Salvius, Stockholm.; p. 313; https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42946509
...where Tanagra episcopus was indeed included.
In fact, Tanagra is available from:
Linnaeus C. 1764. Museum S:ae R:ae M:tis Adolphi Friderici regis Svecorum, Gothorum, Vandalorumque &c. &c. &c. In quo animalia rariora imprimis et exotica: aves, amphibia, pisces describuntur. Tomi secundi prodromus. Laurentius Salvius, Stockholm.; p. 30; https://books.google.com/books?id=WchMRzLomcYC&pg=PA30
...and the originally included nominal species were Tanagra militaris (= Emberiza militaris Linnaeus 1758, in use, Icteridae), T. albirostris (= Tanagra albirostris Linnaeus 1764, syn. Parus cela Linnaeus 1758, Icteridae) and T. violacea (= Fringilla violacea Linnaeus 1758, in use, Fringillidae). When it was realized that the name did not date from 1766, Fringilla violacea Linnaeus 1758 was designated as the type (in a attempt to minimize disruption -- euphonias were still in the tanager family back then), in:
Richmond CW. 1908. Generic names applied to birds during the years 1901 to 1905, inclusive, with further additions to Waterhouse's "Index Generum Avium." Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 35: 583-655.; p. 644; https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7495483
Subsequent to this, some authors (mainly American) started using Tanagra for euphonias, while others (mainly European) did not, and continued using it for the group of tanagers that includes episcopus. Opinion 852 was passed to halt this confusing dual usage. The Commission suppressed Tanagra (placing it on the Official Index; the name is suppressed for the purposes of the principle of priority, but not for those of the p. of homonymy -- meaning it cannot compete to become a valid name, but continues to preoccupy its own spelling). Simultaneously, they placed Euphonia on the Official List as dating from livr. 10 of Desmarest's work, with Euphonia olivacea Desmarest as its type by monotypy.
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