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Difference between revisions of "Australian Ringneck" - BirdForum Opus

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;Barnardius zonarius
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[[Image:Port_Lincoln_Ringneck.jpg|thumb|400px|right|Port Lincoln Ringneck<br />Photo &copy; by {{user|Neil|Neil}} <br />Alice Springs, [[Australia]], April 2004]]
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[[Image:Port_Lincoln_Ringneck.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by Neil]]
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;[[: Category:Barnardius|Barnardius]] zonarius
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'''Includes: Port Lincoln Ringneck (Western Ringneck), The Twenty Eight, Mallee Ringneck (Eastern Ringneck), Cloncurry Parrot'''
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Photographed at Alice Springs, Australia.
 
 
==Identification==
 
==Identification==
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The subspecies of the Australian Ringneck differ considerably in coloration. It is a medium size species of around 33 cm long. The basic colour is green, and all four subspecies have the characteristic yellow ring around the hindneck; wings and tail are a mixture of green and blue. The B. z. zonarius and B. z. semitorquatus subspecies have a dull black head; back, rump and wings are brilliant green; throat and breast bluish-green. The different between these two subspecies is that B. z. zonarius has a yellow abdomen while B. z. semitorquatus has a green abdomen; the latter has also a prominent crimson frontal band that the former lacks (the intermediate shown in the taxobox has characteristics of both subspecies). The two other subspecies differ from these subspecies by the bright green crown and nape and blush cheek-patches. The underparts of B. z. barnardi are turquoise-green with an irregular orange-yellow band across the abdomen; the back and mantle are deep blackish-blue and this subspecies has a prominent red frontal band. The B. z. macgillivrayi is generally pale green, with a wide uniform pale yellow band across the abdomen.
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32–44 cm (12½-17¼ in); variable species, but all subspecies share blue-green wings and tail and a yellow band across the rear nape
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====Variations====
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''Mallee Ringneck'': mostly green body, blue mantle and rear head, red band above the base of the bill, irregular band of orange-yellow across the belly. <br />
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The "''Cloncurry Parrot''" has paler back, yellower underside and lacks red on forehead.<br />
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Port ''Lincoln Ringneck'': yellow belly, head blackish, no red above bill. <br />
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The ''Twenty Eight'': belly mostly green, darker than the above, red band above base of bill.
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====Similar Species====
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There are lots of other long tailed parrots in Australia, but the yellow band at the neck should be specific.  
 
==Distribution==
 
==Distribution==
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The Australian Ringneck (Barnardius zonarius) is a parrot native to all mainland Australian states. Except for extreme tropical and highland areas the species has adapted to all conditions. Traditionally, two species were recognized in the genus Barnardius, the Port Lincoln Parrot (Barnardius zonarius) and the Mallee Ringneck Barnardius barnardi), but the two species readily interbred at the contact zone and are now considered one species. Currently, four subspecies are recognised, each with a distinct range.
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{| cellpadding="5"
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|-
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In Western Australia, the Ringneck competes for nesting space with the Rainbow Lorikeet, an introduced species. To protect the Ringneck, culls of the lorikeet are sanctioned by authorities in this region. Overall, though, the Ringneck is not a threatened species.
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| rowspan=2 valign="center"|
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[[Image:Map-AustralianRingneck.png|400px|left]]
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|
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====Port Lincoln Ringneck====
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Western half of [[Australia]]. The subspecies ''semitorquatus'' is considered threatened by the introduced [[Rainbow Lorikeet]]s that aggressively compete for nesting places. Otherwise, this species is considered under "Least Concern".
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====Mallee Ringneck====
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Eastern half of [[Australia]], mainly south of the Tropic of Capricorn and absent from the most humid coastal areas.
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|-
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|<font size=4>Legend</font><br />
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'''<font color="#FF9900" style="background-color: black">•</font>''' ''B. z. zonarius''<br />
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'''<font color="#CC0000" style="background-color: black">•</font>''' ''B. z. occidentalis''<br />
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'''<font color="#FF6666" style="background-color: black">•</font>''' ''B. z. semitorquatus''<br />
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'''<font color="#006600" style="background-color: black">•</font>''' ''B. z. barnardi'' and ''B. z. whitei''<br />
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'''<font color="#00CC66" style="background-color: black">•</font>''' ''B. z. macgillivrayi''<br />
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<font size="1">Maps/Texts consulted<sup>[[#References|4]]</sup></font>
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|}
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[[Image:Mallee_Ringneck.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Mallee Ringneck<br />Photo &copy; by {{user|Recurvirostra|Recurvirostra}} <br /> [[Mungo National Park]], south-western [[New South Wales]], [[Australia]], April 2006]]
 
==Taxonomy==
 
==Taxonomy==
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The Australian Ringneck was first described by the English naturalist George Shaw in 1805. Currently, four subspecies of Ringneck are recognized, all of which have been described as distinct species in the past:  
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The taxonomy of this species is still under much debate. It is also split into two species by some authorities:
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* Port Lincoln Ringneck:
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**Subspecies ''zonarius'' (the Port Lincoln Parrot or Port Lincoln Ringneck)) is common from Port Lincoln in the south east to Alice Springs in the north east, and from the Karri and Tingle forests of South Western Australia up to the Pilbara district.
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**Subspecies ''occidentalis'' has in the past been included under ''zonarius''; it is found in the Pilbara region of Western Australia.
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**Subspecies ''semitorquatus'' (The Twenty Eight ), is found in the western forests of Western Australia.
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*Mallee Ringneck:
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**Of subspecies included here, the Mallee Ringneck (''B. z. barnardi'') inhabits [[New South Wales]], [[Queensland]], [[South Australia]], and [[Victoria]].
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**Additionally, ''B. z. whitei'' is found in the south-western end of the range described here.
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**The Cloncurry Parrot (''B. z. macgillivrayi'') is found from the Lake Eyre basin in the [[Northern Territory]] to the North gulf of Queensland.
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[[Image:29490Twenty-eight.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Twenty Eight, ''semitorquatus''<br />Photo &copy; by {{user|ChrisCharles|ChrisCharles}}<br />Perth, [[Western Australia]], March 2007]]
  
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The Port Lincoln Parrot or Port Lincoln Ringneck (B. z. zonarius (Shaw, 1805)) is common from Port Lincoln in the south east to Alice Springs in the north east, and from the Karri and Tingle forests of South Western Australia up to the Pilbara district.
 
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The Twenty Eight (B. z. semitorquatus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1830)), named in imitation of its distinctive 'twentee-eight' call, is found in the south western forests of coastal and subcoastal Western Australia.
 
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The Mallee Ringneck (B. z. barnardi (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827)) inhabits New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia and Victoria.
 
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The Cloncurry Parrot (B. z. macgillivrayi (North, 1900)) is found from the Lake Eyre basin in the Northern Territory to the North gulf of Queensland.
 
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The classification of this species is still debated, and recent molecular research has found that all subspecies are very closely related. Several other subspecies have been described, but are considered synonyms with one of the above subspecies. B. z. occidentalis has been synomised with B. z. zonarius. Intermediates exist between all subspecies except for between B. z. zonarius and B. z. macgillivrayi.
 
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The species is considered not threatened, but in Western Australia, the Twenty Eight subspecies (B. z. semitorquatus) gets locally displaced by the introduced Rainbow Lorikeets that aggressively compete for nesting places.[citation needed] The Rainbow Lorikeet is considered a pest species in Western Australia and is subject to eradication in the wild.
 
 
==Habitat==
 
==Habitat==
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Eucalypt woodlands and eucalypt-lined watercourses but also drier habitats. Mallee Ringneck in mallee scrub, open woodlands and in trees along watercourses.
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The Australian Ringneck is active during the day and can be found in eucalypt woodlands and eucalypt-lined watercourses.  
 
 
==Behaviour==
 
==Behaviour==
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The species is gregarious and depending on the conditions can be resident or nomadic. As most parrots, it breeds in tree cavities. Breeding season for the Northern populations starts in June or July, while the central and southern populations breed from August to February but this can be delayed when climatic conditions are unfavourable. This species eats a wide range of foods that include nectar, insects, seeds, fruit, and native and introduced bulbs. It will eat orchard-grown fruit, and is sometimes seen as a pest by farmers.
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Locally nomadic.
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====Breeding====
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The nest is made in a hollow by male and female who line the bottom with decaying wood dust and making a shallow depression for the eggs. 4-6 white eggs are laid and incubated by the female for 20-21 days.  The young leave after about 30 days.
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====Diet====
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[[Image:Eastern-Ringneck-taking-off A5755W.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Eastern Ringneck race<br />Photo &copy; by '''[http://www.birdforum.net/member.php?u=49168 Hans&Judy Beste]'''<br />SW [[Queensland]], September 2017]]
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The diet includes nectar, insects, seeds, fruit and bulbs. Farmers regard this as a pest species.
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====Vocalisation====
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The Twenty Eight has a call which sounds like his name.
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==References==
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#{{Ref-Clements6thAug11}}#Wikipedia
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# Pizzey, G. & Knight, F. 1997. Birds of Australia (Collins Field Guide). HarperCollins Publishers, London. ISBN 0-00-220132-1
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#{{Ref-HBWVol4}}
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{{ref}}
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==External Links==
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Search for scientific name ''Barnardius zonarius'':
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{{GSearch|"Barnardius zonarius" {{!}} "Australian Ringneck"}}
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<br />
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Search for scientific name ''Barnardius barnardi'':
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{{GSearch|Barnardius+barnardi}}
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Search for common name - Australian Ringneck:
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{{GSearch|"Australian Ringneck"}}
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{{GS-checked}}
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<br />
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<br />
  
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==External Links==
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[[Category:Birds]][[Category:Barnardius]] [[Category:Maps]]
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{{GSearch|Barnardius+zonarius}}
 
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*[http://www.aviceda.org/abid/birdimages.php?action=birdspecies&fid=20&bid=1514 View more images of this species on the ABID]
 
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[[Category:Birds]]
 

Latest revision as of 01:07, 1 May 2023

Port Lincoln Ringneck
Photo © by Neil
Alice Springs, Australia, April 2004
Barnardius zonarius

Includes: Port Lincoln Ringneck (Western Ringneck), The Twenty Eight, Mallee Ringneck (Eastern Ringneck), Cloncurry Parrot

Identification

32–44 cm (12½-17¼ in); variable species, but all subspecies share blue-green wings and tail and a yellow band across the rear nape

Variations

Mallee Ringneck: mostly green body, blue mantle and rear head, red band above the base of the bill, irregular band of orange-yellow across the belly.
The "Cloncurry Parrot" has paler back, yellower underside and lacks red on forehead.
Port Lincoln Ringneck: yellow belly, head blackish, no red above bill.
The Twenty Eight: belly mostly green, darker than the above, red band above base of bill.

Similar Species

There are lots of other long tailed parrots in Australia, but the yellow band at the neck should be specific.

Distribution

Map-AustralianRingneck.png

Port Lincoln Ringneck

Western half of Australia. The subspecies semitorquatus is considered threatened by the introduced Rainbow Lorikeets that aggressively compete for nesting places. Otherwise, this species is considered under "Least Concern".

Mallee Ringneck

Eastern half of Australia, mainly south of the Tropic of Capricorn and absent from the most humid coastal areas.

Legend

• B. z. zonarius
• B. z. occidentalis
• B. z. semitorquatus
• B. z. barnardi and B. z. whitei
• B. z. macgillivrayi
Maps/Texts consulted4

Mallee Ringneck
Photo © by Recurvirostra
Mungo National Park, south-western New South Wales, Australia, April 2006

Taxonomy

The taxonomy of this species is still under much debate. It is also split into two species by some authorities:

  • Port Lincoln Ringneck:
    • Subspecies zonarius (the Port Lincoln Parrot or Port Lincoln Ringneck)) is common from Port Lincoln in the south east to Alice Springs in the north east, and from the Karri and Tingle forests of South Western Australia up to the Pilbara district.
    • Subspecies occidentalis has in the past been included under zonarius; it is found in the Pilbara region of Western Australia.
    • Subspecies semitorquatus (The Twenty Eight ), is found in the western forests of Western Australia.
  • Mallee Ringneck:
    • Of subspecies included here, the Mallee Ringneck (B. z. barnardi) inhabits New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, and Victoria.
    • Additionally, B. z. whitei is found in the south-western end of the range described here.
    • The Cloncurry Parrot (B. z. macgillivrayi) is found from the Lake Eyre basin in the Northern Territory to the North gulf of Queensland.
Twenty Eight, semitorquatus
Photo © by ChrisCharles
Perth, Western Australia, March 2007

Habitat

Eucalypt woodlands and eucalypt-lined watercourses but also drier habitats. Mallee Ringneck in mallee scrub, open woodlands and in trees along watercourses.

Behaviour

Locally nomadic.

Breeding

The nest is made in a hollow by male and female who line the bottom with decaying wood dust and making a shallow depression for the eggs. 4-6 white eggs are laid and incubated by the female for 20-21 days. The young leave after about 30 days.

Diet

Eastern Ringneck race
Photo © by Hans&Judy Beste
SW Queensland, September 2017

The diet includes nectar, insects, seeds, fruit and bulbs. Farmers regard this as a pest species.

Vocalisation

The Twenty Eight has a call which sounds like his name.

References

  1. Clements, JF. 2011. The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World. 6th ed., with updates to August 2011. Ithaca: Cornell Univ. Press. ISBN 978-0801445019. Spreadsheet available at http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/downloadable-clements-checklist
  2. Wikipedia
  3. Pizzey, G. & Knight, F. 1997. Birds of Australia (Collins Field Guide). HarperCollins Publishers, London. ISBN 0-00-220132-1
  4. Del Hoyo, J, A Elliot, and J Sargatal, eds. 1997. Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 4: Sandgrouse to Cuckoos. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. ISBN 978-8487334221

Recommended Citation

External Links

Search for scientific name Barnardius zonarius:


Search for scientific name Barnardius barnardi:

Search for common name - Australian Ringneck:

GSearch checked for 2020 platform.

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